An Examination of Fraud Prevention Mechanisms in Nigerian Federal Universities: A Case Study of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka
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Background of the Study
Fraud in higher education institutions undermines public trust, reduces financial efficiency, and jeopardizes the quality of education. Nigerian federal universities, including the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN), are not exempt from fraudulent practices, which manifest in embezzlement, procurement fraud, and payroll irregularities (Okon & Chukwuma, 2023). Fraud prevention mechanisms are therefore critical for promoting accountability and ensuring that resources are used for their intended purposes.
The University of Nigeria, Nsukka, is one of the country’s foremost federal universities, with a mandate to provide quality education and foster innovation. Despite its reputation, the institution has faced allegations of financial mismanagement and corruption, highlighting the need for effective fraud prevention mechanisms (Eze & Agwu, 2024).
Research has shown that fraud prevention mechanisms such as internal controls, audits, and whistleblower policies are effective in reducing fraudulent activities (Adeola et al., 2025). However, the effectiveness of these mechanisms depends on their implementation and enforcement. This study seeks to examine the fraud prevention mechanisms in place at UNN, their effectiveness, and areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Fraudulent practices in Nigerian federal universities, including the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, pose significant challenges to accountability and resource management. Despite the implementation of fraud prevention mechanisms, these institutions continue to face issues such as embezzlement, procurement fraud, and payroll manipulation (Okon & Chukwuma, 2023).
The ineffectiveness of existing mechanisms is often attributed to inadequate enforcement, lack of transparency, and resistance from stakeholders (Eze & Agwu, 2024). This study examines the fraud prevention mechanisms at UNN, investigating their effectiveness and providing recommendations for strengthening accountability.
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the fraud prevention mechanisms in place at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of these mechanisms in curbing fraudulent practices.
- To propose strategies for improving fraud prevention in Nigerian federal universities.
Research Questions
- What fraud prevention mechanisms are in place at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka?
- How effective are these mechanisms in preventing fraud?
- What strategies can improve fraud prevention at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka?
Research Hypotheses
- H₀: Fraud prevention mechanisms at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka do not significantly reduce fraudulent practices.
- H₀: The effectiveness of fraud prevention mechanisms is not significantly associated with reduced fraud.
- H₀: Proposed strategies do not significantly improve fraud prevention at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on the fraud prevention mechanisms at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, examining their effectiveness and challenges. It excludes other universities and focuses on mechanisms implemented within the past five years. Limitations include access to detailed institutional data and potential reluctance of staff to participate in the study.
Definitions of Terms
- Fraud Prevention Mechanisms: Policies and practices designed to detect, prevent, and address fraudulent activities.
- Federal Universities: Universities funded and managed by the federal government of Nigeria.
- Accountability: The obligation to ensure transparency and responsible management of resources.
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